multilevel (version 2.7)

mult.make.univ: Convert two or more variables from multivariate to univariate form

Description

Longitudinal data is often stored in multivariate or wide form. In multivariate form, each row contains data from one subject, and repeated measures variables are indexed by different names (e.g., OUTCOME.T1, OUTCOME.T2, OUTCOME.T3). In the case of repeated measures designs and growth modeling, it is necessary to convert the data to univariate or stacked form where each row represents one of the repeated measures indexed by a TIME variable and nested within subject. In univariate form, each subject has as many rows of data as there are time points. The make.univ function in the multilevel library will convert a single item to univariate form while the mult.make.univ function converts two or more variables to univariate form. The mult.make.univ function was developed by Patrick Downes at the University of Iowa, and was included in the multilevel library in January of 2013. R also has built-in function such as reshape to perform the same data manipulation.

Usage

mult.make.univ(x,dvlist,tname="TIME", outname="MULTDV")

Arguments

x

A dataframe in multivariate form.

dvlist

A list containing the repeated measures. Note that each element of the list must be ordered from Time 1 to Time N for this function to work properly.

tname

An optional name for the new time variable. Defaults to TIME.

outname

An optional name for the outcome variable name. Defaults to MULTDV1 to MULTDV(N).

Value

Returns a dataframe in univariate (i.e., stacked) form with a TIME variable representing the repeated observations, and new variables representing the time-indexed variables (MULTDV1, MULTDV2, etc.). The TIME variable begins with 0.

References

Bliese, P. D., & Ployhart, R. E. (2002). Growth modeling using random coefficient models: Model building, testing and illustrations. Organizational Research Methods, 5, 362-387.

See Also

make.univ reshape

Examples

# NOT RUN {
data(univbct) #a dataframe in univariate form for job sat
TEMP<-univbct[3*1:495,c(22,1:17)]  #convert back to multivariate form
names(TEMP) #use the column names to find the column numbers

#Create a list of DV's - each DV should have the same number of obs
dvlist <- list(c(10,13,16),c(11,14,17))
names(dvlist) <- c("JOBSAT","COMMIT") #names for univariate output

#Transform the data into univariate form with multiple level-1 variables
mldata <- mult.make.univ(x=TEMP,dvlist=dvlist)  
# }