tuneR (version 1.4.7)

Waveforms: Create Wave Objects of Special Waveforms

Description

Create a Wave object of special waveform such as silcence, power law (white, red, pink, ...) noise, sawtooth, sine, square, and pulse.

Usage

noise(kind = c("white", "pink", "power", "red"), duration = samp.rate, 
      samp.rate = 44100, bit = 1, stereo = FALSE, 
      xunit = c("samples", "time"), alpha = 1, ...)
pulse(freq, duration = samp.rate, from = 0, samp.rate = 44100,
      bit = 1, stereo = FALSE, xunit = c("samples", "time"),
      width = 0.1, plateau = 0.2, interval = 0.5, ...)
sawtooth(freq, duration = samp.rate, from = 0, samp.rate = 44100, 
         bit = 1, stereo = FALSE, xunit = c("samples", "time"), 
         reverse = FALSE, ...)
silence(duration = samp.rate, from = 0, samp.rate = 44100, 
        bit = 1, stereo = FALSE, xunit = c("samples", "time"), ...)
sine(freq, duration = samp.rate, from = 0, samp.rate = 44100, 
     bit = 1, stereo = FALSE, xunit = c("samples", "time"), ...)
square(freq, duration = samp.rate, from = 0, samp.rate = 44100, 
       bit = 1, stereo = FALSE, xunit = c("samples", "time"), 
       up = 0.5, ...)

Value

A Wave object.

Arguments

kind

The kind of noise, “white”, “pink”, “power”, or “red” (these are not dB adjusted (!) but all except for “white” are linear decreasing on a log-log scale). Algorithm for generating power law noise is taken from Timmer and König (1995).

freq

The frequency (in Hertz) to be generated.

duration

Duration of the Wave in xunit.

from

Starting value of the Wave in xunit.

samp.rate

Sampling rate of the Wave.

bit

Resolution of the Wave and rescaling unit. This may be
1 (default) for rescaling to numeric values in [-1,1],
8 (i.e. 8-bit) for rescaling to integers in [0, 254],
16 (i.e. 16-bit) for rescaling to integers in [-32767, 32767],
24 (i.e. 24-bit) for rescaling to integers in [-8388607, 8388607],
32 (i.e. 32-bit) for rescaling either to integers in [-2147483647, 2147483647] (PCM Wave format if pcm = TRUE) or to numeric values in [-1, 1] (FLOAT_IEEE Wave format if pcm = FALSE),
64 (i.e. 64-bit) for rescaling to numeric values in [-1, 1] (FLOAT_IEEE Wave format), and
0 for not rescaling at all. These numbers are internally passed to normalize.

The Wave slot bit will be set to 32 if bit = 0, bit = 1 or bit = 32.

stereo

Logical, if TRUE, a stereo sample will be generated. The right channel is identical to the left one for sawtooth, silence, sine, and square. For noise, both channel are independent.

xunit

Character indicating which units are used (both in arguments duration and from). If xunit = "time", the unit is time in seconds, otherwise the number of samples.

alpha

The power for the power law noise (defaults are 1 for pink and 1.5 for red noise) \(1/f^{\alpha}\).

reverse

Logical, if TRUE, the waveform will be mirrored vertically.

up

A number between 0 and 1 giving the percentage of the waveform at max value (= 1 - percentage of min value).

width

Relative pulses width: the proportion of time the amplitude is non-zero.

plateau

Relative plateau width: the proportion of the pulse width where amplitude is ±1.

interval

Relative interval between the up-going and down-going pulses with respect to the center of the wave period (0: immediatly after up-going, 1: center of the wave period).

...

Further arguments to be passed to Wave through the internal function postWaveform.

Author

Uwe Ligges , partly based on code from Matthias Heymann's former package ‘sound’, Anita Thieler, Guillaume Guénard

References

J. Timmer and M. König (1995): On generating power law noise. Astron. Astrophys. 300, 707-710.

See Also

Wave-class, Wave, normalize, noSilence

Examples

Wobj <- sine(440, duration = 1000)
Wobj2 <- noise(duration = 1000)
Wobj3 <- pulse(220, duration = 1000)
plot(Wobj)
plot(Wobj2)
plot(Wobj3)