nlme (version 3.1-114)

simulate.lme: Simulate Results from lme Models

Description

The model object is fit to the data. Using the fitted values of the parameters, nsim new data vectors from this model are simulated. Both m1 and m2 are fit by maximum likelihood (ML) and/or by restricted maximum likelihood (REML) to each of the simulated data vectors.

Usage

## S3 method for class 'lme':
simulate(object, nsim, seed, m2, method, niterEM, useGen, \dots)

Arguments

object

an object inheriting from class "lme", representing a fitted linear mixed-effects model, or a list containing an lme model specification. If given as a list, it should contain componen

m2

an lme object, or a list, like m1 containing a second lme model specification. This argument defines the alternative model. If given as a list, only those parts of the specification that change between model m1<

seed

an optional integer that is passed to set.seed. Defaults to a random integer.

method

an optional character array. If it includes "REML" the models are fit by maximizing the restricted log-likelihood. If it includes "ML" the log-likelihood is maximized. Defaults to c("REML", "ML"), in which

nsim

an optional positive integer specifying the number of simulations to perform. Defaults to 1. This has changed. Previously the default was 1000.

niterEM

an optional integer vector of length 2 giving the number of iterations of the EM algorithm to apply when fitting the m1 and m2 to each simulated set of data. Defaults to c(40,200).

useGen

an optional logical value. If TRUE, numerical derivatives are used to obtain the gradient and the Hessian of the log-likelihood in the optimization algorithm in the ms function. If FALSE, the default algo

...

optional additional arguments. None are used.

Value

• an object of class simulate.lme with components null and alt. Each of these has components ML and/or REML which are matrices. An attribute called Random.seed contains the seed that was used for the random number generator.

References

Pinheiro, J.C., and Bates, D.M. (2000) "Mixed-Effects Models in S and S-PLUS", Springer.

See Also

lme, set.seed

Examples

orthSim <-
   simulate.lme(list(fixed = distance ~ age, data = Orthodont,
                     random = ~ 1 | Subject), nsim = 1000,
                m2 = list(random = ~ age | Subject))