Lock5withR (version 1.2.2)

MalevolentUniformsNFL: Malevolent Uniforms NFL

Description

Perceived malevolence of uniforms and penalies for National Football League (NFL) teams

Format

A data frame with 28 observations on the following 7 variables.

• NFLTeam Team name
• NFL_Malevolence Score reflecting the "malevolence" of a team's uniform
• ZPenYds Z-score for penalty yards

Source

Frank and Gilovich, "The Dark Side of Self- and Social Perception: Black Uniforms and Aggression in Professional Sports", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 54, No. 1, 1988, p. 74-85.

Details

Participants with no knowledge of the teams rated the jerseys on characteristics such as timid/aggressive, nice/mean and good/bad. The averages of these responses produced a "malevolence" index with higher scores signifying impressions of more malevolent uniforms. To measure aggressiveness, the authors used the amount of penalty yards converted to z-scores and averaged for each team over the seasons from 1970-1986.

Examples

data(MalevolentUniformsNFL)