Below: the first mention, and two applications.
Iwata, H., Niikura, S., Matsuura, S., Takano, Y., & Ukai, Y. (1998).
Evaluation of variation of root shape of Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
based on image analysis using elliptic Fourier descriptors. Euphytica, 102, 143-149.
Iwata, H., Nesumi, H., Ninomiya, S., Takano, Y., & Ukai, Y. (2002).
The Evaluation of Genotype x Environment Interactions of Citrus Leaf Morphology
Using Image Analysis and Elliptic Fourier Descriptors. Breeding Science, 52(2),
89-94. doi:10.1270/jsbbs.52.89
Yoshioka, Y., Iwata, H., Ohsawa, R., & Ninomiya, S. (2004).
Analysis of petal shape variation of Primula sieboldii by elliptic fourier descriptors
and principal component analysis. Annals of Botany, 94(5), 657-64. doi:10.1093/aob/mch190