REAT (version 3.0.3)

howard.xcl2: Howard-Newman-Tarp excess colocation (XCL) index

Description

Calculating the excess colocation (XCL) index by Howard, Newman and Tarp for a given number of industries

Usage

howard.xcl2(k, industry, region, print.results = TRUE)

Arguments

k

a vector containing the IDs/names of firms \(k\)

industry

a vector containing the IDs/names of the industries \(i\)

region

a vector containing the IDs/names of the regions \(j\)

print.results

logical argument that indicates whether the calculated values are printed or not

Value

A matrix with \(I\) rows (one for each industry-industry combination) containing the \(XCL\) values

Details

The Howard-Newman-Tarp excess colocation index (\(XCL\)) is standardized (\(-1 \le CL \le 1\)). The rationale behind is that the CL index (see howard.cl) is compared to a counterfactual (random) location pattern which is constructed via bootstrapping. Processing time depends on the number of firms and the number of samples. This function takes a while even for a relatively small number of industries!

References

Howard, E./Newman, C./Tarp, F. (2016): “Measuring industry coagglomeration and identifying the driving forces”. In: Journal of Economic Geography, 16, 5, p. 1055-1078.

See Also

howard.cl, howard.xcl2, ellison.c, ellison.c2

Examples

# NOT RUN {
# example data from Farhauer/Kroell (2014):
data (FK2014_EGC)

howard.xcl2 (FK2014_EGC$firm, FK2014_EGC$industry, 
FK2014_EGC$region)
# this may take a while!
# }