The multilevelIV() function estimates three models, namely: the usual random
effects model (REF), the fixed effects model (FE) and the hierarchical GMM model (GMM) proposed by Kim and Frees (2007).
The fixed effects and the GMM estimators are calculated at each level - so in the case of a three-level model, the function estimates,
besides the random effects, fixed effects models at level two (FE_L2) and at level three (FE_L3).
The same is true for the GMM estimators, the multilevelIV() function will return a GMM estimator
at level-three (GMM_L3) and a GMM estimator at level two (GMM_L2).
In order to facilitate the choice of estimator to be used, the summary()
function also returns an omitted variable test (OVT).
This test is based on the Hausman test for panel data. The OVT allows the comparison of a robust eastimator and an estimator which is efficient
under the null hypothesis of no omitted variables. Moreover, it allows the comparison of two robust
estimators at different levels.
For the model specified in argument model
, the summary()
function returns the
summary statistics of the estimated coefficients, together with the results of the omitted variable test
between the specified model and each other model.