Function spp creates an object of class "spp", which represents a
spatial point pattern observed in a finite sampling window (or study region).
The ads library supports univariate, multivariate and marked point patterns
observed in simple (rectangular or circular) or complex sampling windows.
spp(x, y=NULL, window, triangles, marks, int2fac=TRUE)
ppp2spp(p)An object of class "spp" describing a spatial point pattern observed in a given sampling window.
$typea character string indicating if the spatial point pattern is "univariate", "multivariate" or "marked".
$windowan swin object describing the sampling window (see swin).
$nan integer value giving the number of points of the pattern located inside the sampling window (points on the boundary are considered to be inside).
$xa vector of \(x\) coordinates of points located inside the sampling window.
$ya vector of \(y\) coordinates of points located inside the sampling window.
$nout(optional) an integer value giving the number of points of the pattern located outside the sampling window.
$xout(optional) a vector of \(x\) coordinates of points located outside the sampling window.
$yout(optional) a vector of \(y\) coordinates of points located outside the sampling window.
$marks(optional) a vector of the marks attached to points located inside the sampling window.
$marksout(optional) a vector of the marks attached to points located outside the sampling window.
if y=NULL, \(x\) is a list of two vectors of point coordinates, else both \(x\) and \(y\) are atomic vectors of point coordinates.
a "swin" object or a vector defining the limits of a simple sampling
window: c(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax) for a rectangle ; c(x0,y0,r0) for a circle.
(optional) a list of triangles removed from a simple initial window to define a
complex sampling window (see swin).
(optional) a vector of mark values, which may be factor levels or numerical values (see Details).
if TRUE, integer marks are automatically coerced into factor levels.
a "ppp" object from package spatstat.geom.
A spatial point pattern is assumed to have been observed within a specific
sampling window (a finite study region) defined by the window argument. If window is a simple "swin" object,
it may be coerced into a complex type by adding a triangles argument (see swin). A spatial point pattern may be of 3 different types.
univariate pattern:
by default when argument marks is not given.
multivariate pattern:
marks is a factor, which levels are interpreted as categorical marks (e.g. colours, species, etc.) attached to points of the pattern.
Integer marks may be automatically coerced into factor levels when argument int2fac = TRUE.
marked pattern:
marks is a vector of real numbers attached to points of the pattern. Integer values may also be considered as numerical values
if argument int2fac = FALSE.
Goreaud, F. and P?Pelissier, R. 1999. On explicit formula of edge effect correction for Ripley's K-function. Journal of Vegetation Science, 10:433-438.
plot.spp,
swin