msg <- "old"
delayedAssign("x", msg)
substitute(x) # shows only 'x', as it is in the global env.
msg <- "new!"
x # new!
delayedAssign("x", {
for(i in 1:3)
cat("yippee!\n")
10
})
x^2 #- yippee
x^2 #- simple number
ne <- new.env()
delayedAssign("x", pi + 2, assign.env = ne)
## See the promise {without "forcing" (i.e. evaluating) it}:
substitute(x, ne) # 'pi + 2'
### Promises in an environment [for advanced users]: ---------------------
e <- (function(x, y = 1, z) environment())(cos, "y", {cat(" HO!\n"); pi+2})
## How can we look at all promises in an env (w/o forcing them)?
gete <- function(e_)
lapply(lapply(ls(e_), as.name),
function(n) eval(substitute(substitute(X, e_), list(X=n))))
(exps <- gete(e))
sapply(exps, typeof)
(le <- as.list(e)) # evaluates ("force"s) the promises
stopifnot(identical(unname(le), lapply(exps, eval))) # and another "Ho!"
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