# we can get a time-invariant effect of `x1` by
set.seed(1)
dat <- data.frame(stop = 1:20, event = rep(c(TRUE, FALSE), 10L), x1 = rnorm(20))
ddhazard(Surv(stop, event) ~ ddFixed(x1), dat,
Q_0 = diag(1), by = 1, Q = diag(1))
# all of the calls below will yield the same result with a time-invariant
# intercept:
ddhazard(Surv(stop, event) ~ ddFixed_intercept() + x1, dat,
Q_0 = diag(1), by = 1, Q = diag(1))
ddhazard(Surv(stop, event) ~ -1 + ddFixed_intercept() + x1, dat,
Q_0 = diag(1), by = 1, Q = diag(1))
Run the code above in your browser using DataLab