The dominant frequency is determined from a spectral analysis of the time
series. First, a linear trend is removed, then the spectral density function
is estimated from the best fitting autoregressive model (based on the AIC).
If there is a large (possibly local) maximum in the spectral density
function at frequency \(f\), then the function will return the period
\(1/f\) (rounded to the nearest integer). If no such dominant frequency
can be found, the function will return 1.