#create a new raster and set all its values to unity.
raster <- raster(nrows=18, ncols=36)
raster <- setValues(raster,rep(1,ncell(raster)))
#create TransitionLayer objects
tr1 <- transition(raster,mean,4)
tr2 <- tr1
#arithmetic operations
tr3 <- tr1 * tr2
tr4 <- tr3 * 4
#mathematical operations
tr5 <- sqrt(tr4)
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