igraph community detection functions return their results as an object from
the communities class. This manual page describes the operations of
this class.
membership(communities)# S3 method for communities
print(x, ...)
# S3 method for communities
modularity(x, ...)
# S3 method for communities
length(x)
sizes(communities)
algorithm(communities)
merges(communities)
crossing(communities, graph)
code_len(communities)
is_hierarchical(communities)
# S3 method for communities
as.dendrogram(object, hang = -1, use.modularity = FALSE, ...)
# S3 method for communities
as.hclust(x, hang = -1, use.modularity = FALSE, ...)
as_phylo(x, ...)
# S3 method for communities
as_phylo(x, use.modularity = FALSE, ...)
cut_at(communities, no, steps)
show_trace(communities)
# S3 method for communities
plot(
x,
y,
col = membership(x),
mark.groups = communities(x),
edge.color = c("black", "red")[crossing(x, y) + 1],
...
)
A communities object, the result of an
igraph community detection function.
Additional arguments. plot.communities passes these to
plot.igraph. The other functions silently ignore
them.
An igraph graph object, corresponding to communities.
Numeric scalar indicating how the height of leaves should be
computed from the heights of their parents; see plot.hclust.
Logical scalar, whether to use the modularity values to define the height of the branches.
Integer scalar, the desired number of communities. If too low or
two high, then an error message is given. Exactly one of no and
steps must be supplied.
The number of merge operations to perform to produce the
communities. Exactly one of no and steps must be supplied.
An igraph graph object, corresponding to the communities in
x.
A vector of colors, in any format that is accepted by the regular R plotting methods. This vector gives the colors of the vertices explicitly.
A list of numeric vectors. The communities can be
highlighted using colored polygons. The groups for which the polygons are
drawn are given here. The default is to use the groups given by the
communities. Supply NULL here if you do not want to highlight any
groups.
The colors of the edges. By default the edges within communities are colored green and other edges are red.
Numeric vector, one value for each vertex, the membership
vector of the community structure. Might also be NULL if the
community structure is given in another way, e.g. by a merge matrix.
If not NULL (meaning an unknown algorithm), then a
character scalar, the name of the algorithm that produced the community
structure.
If not NULL, then the merge matrix of the hierarchical
community structure. See merges below for more information on its
format.
Numeric scalar or vector, the modularity value of the
community structure. It can also be NULL, if the modularity of the
(best) split is not available.
print returns the communities object itself,
invisibly.
length returns an integer scalar.
sizes returns a numeric vector.
membership returns a numeric vector, one number for each vertex in
the graph that was the input of the community detection.
modularity returns a numeric scalar.
algorithm returns a character scalar.
crossing returns a logical vector.
is_hierarchical returns a logical scalar.
merges returns a two-column numeric matrix.
cut_at returns a numeric vector, the membership vector of the
vertices.
as.dendrogram returns a dendrogram object.
show_trace returns a character vector.
code_len returns a numeric scalar for communities found with the
InfoMAP method and NULL for other methods.
plot for communities objects returns NULL, invisibly.
#' @author Gabor Csardi csardi.gabor@gmail.com
Community structure detection algorithms try to find dense subgraphs in directed or undirected graphs, by optimizing some criteria, and usually using heuristics.
igraph implements a number of community detection methods (see them below),
all of which return an object of the class communities. Because the
community structure detection algorithms are different, communities
objects do not always have the same structure. Nevertheless, they have some
common operations, these are documented here.
The print generic function is defined for communities, it
prints a short summary.
The length generic function call be called on communities and
returns the number of communities.
The sizes function returns the community sizes, in the order of their
ids.
membership gives the division of the vertices, into communities. It
returns a numeric vector, one value for each vertex, the id of its
community. Community ids start from one. Note that some algorithms calculate
the complete (or incomplete) hierarchical structure of the communities, and
not just a single partitioning. For these algorithms typically the
membership for the highest modularity value is returned, but see also the
manual pages of the individual algorithms.
communities is also the name of a function, that returns a list of
communities, each identified by their vertices. The vertices will have
symbolic names if the add.vertex.names igraph option is set, and the
graph itself was named. Otherwise numeric vertex ids are used.
modularity gives the modularity score of the partitioning. (See
modularity.igraph for details. For algorithms that do not
result a single partitioning, the highest modularity value is returned.
algorithm gives the name of the algorithm that was used to calculate
the community structure.
crossing returns a logical vector, with one value for each edge,
ordered according to the edge ids. The value is TRUE iff the edge
connects two different communities, according to the (best) membership
vector, as returned by membership().
is_hierarchical checks whether a hierarchical algorithm was used to
find the community structure. Some functions only make sense for
hierarchical methods (e.g. merges, cut_at and
as.dendrogram).
merges returns the merge matrix for hierarchical methods. An error
message is given, if a non-hierarchical method was used to find the
community structure. You can check this by calling is_hierarchical on
the communities object.
cut_at cuts the merge tree of a hierarchical community finding method,
at the desired place and returns a membership vector. The desired place can
be expressed as the desired number of communities or as the number of merge
steps to make. The function gives an error message, if called with a
non-hierarchical method.
as.dendrogram converts a hierarchical community structure to a
dendrogram object. It only works for hierarchical methods, and gives
an error message to others. See dendrogram for details.
as.hclust is similar to as.dendrogram, but converts a
hierarchical community structure to a hclust object.
as_phylo converts a hierarchical community structure to a phylo
object, you will need the ape package for this.
show_trace works (currently) only for communities found by the leading
eigenvector method (cluster_leading_eigen), and
returns a character vector that gives the steps performed by the algorithm
while finding the communities.
code_len is defined for the InfoMAP method
(cluster_infomap and returns the code length of the
partition.
It is possibly to call the plot function on communities
objects. This will plot the graph (and uses plot.igraph
internally), with the communities shown. By default it colores the vertices
according to their communities, and also marks the vertex groups
corresponding to the communities. It passes additional arguments to
plot.igraph, please see that and also
igraph.plotting on how to change the plot.
See plot_dendrogram for plotting community structure
dendrograms.
See compare for comparing two community structures
on the same graph.
The different methods for finding communities, they all return a
communities object: cluster_edge_betweenness,
cluster_fast_greedy,
cluster_label_prop,
cluster_leading_eigen,
cluster_louvain, cluster_leiden,
cluster_optimal, cluster_spinglass,
cluster_walktrap.
# NOT RUN {
karate <- make_graph("Zachary")
wc <- cluster_walktrap(karate)
modularity(wc)
membership(wc)
plot(wc, karate)
# }
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