lucid (version 1.8)

antibiotic: Effectiveness of 3 antibiotics against 16 bacterial species.

Description

Effectiveness of 3 antibiotics against 16 bacterial species.

Format

A data frame with 16 observations on the following 5 variables.

bacteria

bacterial species, 16 levels

penicillin

MIC for penicillin

streptomycin

MIC for streptomycin

neomycin

MIC for neomycin

gramstain

Gram staining (positive or negative)

Details

The values reported are the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in micrograms/milliliter, which represents the concentration of antibiotic required to prevent growth in vitro.

References

Wainer, H. (2009). A Centenary Celebration for Will Burtin: A Pioneer of Scientific Visualization. Chance, 22(1), 51-55. https://chance.amstat.org/2009/02/visrev221/

Wainer, H. (2009). Visual Revelations: Pictures at an Exhibition. Chance, 22(2), 46--54. https://chance.amstat.org/2009/04/visrev222/

Wainer, H. (2014). Medical Illuminations: Using Evidence, Visualization and Statistical Thinking to Improve Healthcare.

Examples

# NOT RUN {
data(antibiotic)
lucid(antibiotic)

# }
# NOT RUN {
# Plot the data similar to Fig 2.14 of Wainer's book, "Medical Illuminations"

require(lattice)
require(reshape2)

# Use log10 transform
dat <- transform(antibiotic,
                 penicillin=log10(penicillin),
                 streptomycin=log10(streptomycin),
                 neomycin=log10(neomycin))
dat <- transform(dat, sgn = ifelse(dat$gramstain=="neg", "-", "+"))
dat <- transform(dat,
                 bacteria = paste(bacteria, sgn))
dat <- transform(dat, bacteria=reorder(bacteria, -penicillin))

dat <- melt(dat)

op <- tpg <- trellis.par.get()
tpg$superpose.symbol$pch <- toupper(substring(levels(dat$variable),1,1))
tpg$superpose.symbol$col <- c("darkgreen","purple","orange")
trellis.par.set(tpg)
dotplot(bacteria ~ value, data=dat, group=variable,
        cex=2,
        scales=list(x=list(at= -3:3,
                      labels=c('.001', '.01', '.1', '1', '10', '100', '1000'))),
        main="Bacterial response to Neomycin, Streptomycin, and Penicillin",
        xlab="Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (mg/L)")

trellis.par.set(op)

# }
# NOT RUN {

# }