maptools (version 1.1-6)

checkPolygonsHoles: Check holes in Polygons objects

Description

The function checks holes in Polygons objects. Use of the rgeos package functions is prefered, and if rgeos is available, they will be used automatically. In this case, member Polygon objects are checked against each other for containment, and the returned Polygons object has component hole slots set appropriately. In addition, the output Polygons object may be provided with a comment string, encoding the external and internal rings. For gpclib use, see details below.

Usage

checkPolygonsHoles(x, properly=TRUE, avoidGEOS=FALSE, useSTRtree=FALSE)
gpclibPermitStatus()
gpclibPermit()
rgeosStatus()

Value

An Polygons object re-created from the input object.

Arguments

x

An Polygons object as defined in package sp

properly

default TRUE, use gContainsProperly rather than gContains

avoidGEOS

default FALSE; if TRUE force use of gpclib even when rgeos is available

useSTRtree

default FALSE, if TRUE, use rgeos STRtree in checking holes, which is much faster, but uses a lot of memory and does not release it on completion (work in progress)

Author

Roger Bivand

Details

If the gpclib package is used, an intersection between a gpc.poly object with one or more polygon contours and its bounding box is used to set the hole flag. The function will set single polygon contours to hole=FALSE, and if multiple polygon contours are holes, will set them TRUE. The gpclibPermit function is used to choose to permit the use of gpclib if installed, and gpclibPermitStatus reports its status. The licence for gpclib is not Free or Open Source and explicitly forbids commercial use. See library(help=gpclib).

Examples

if (rgeosStatus()) {
nc1 <- readShapePoly(system.file("shapes/sids.shp", package="maptools")[1],
 proj4string=CRS("+proj=longlat +ellps=clrk66"))
pl <- slot(nc1, "polygons")
sapply(slot(pl[[4]], "Polygons"), function(x) slot(x, "hole"))
pl[[4]] <- Polygons(list(slot(pl[[4]], "Polygons")[[1]],
 Polygon(slot(slot(pl[[4]], "Polygons")[[2]], "coords"), hole=TRUE),
 slot(pl[[4]], "Polygons")[[3]]), slot(pl[[4]], "ID"))
sapply(slot(pl[[4]], "Polygons"), function(x) slot(x, "hole"))
pl_new <- lapply(pl, checkPolygonsHoles)
sapply(slot(pl_new[[4]], "Polygons"), function(x) slot(x, "hole"))
srs <- slot(slot(pl[[1]], "Polygons")[[1]], "coords")
hle2 <- structure(c(-81.64093, -81.38380, -81.34165, -81.66833, -81.64093, 
 36.57865, 36.57234, 36.47603, 36.47894, 36.57865), .Dim = as.integer(c(5, 2)))
hle3 <- structure(c(-81.47759, -81.39118, -81.38486, -81.46705, -81.47759, 
 36.56289, 36.55659, 36.49907, 36.50380, 36.56289), .Dim = as.integer(c(5, 2)))
x <- Polygons(list(Polygon(srs), Polygon(hle2), Polygon(hle3)),
 ID=slot(pl[[1]], "ID"))
sapply(slot(x, "Polygons"), function(x) slot(x, "hole"))
res <- checkPolygonsHoles(x)
sapply(slot(res, "Polygons"), function(x) slot(x, "hole"))
if (FALSE) {
opar <- par(mfrow=c(1,2))
SPx <- SpatialPolygons(list(x))
plot(SPx)
text(t(sapply(slot(x, "Polygons"), function(i) slot(i, "labpt"))),
 labels=sapply(slot(x, "Polygons"), function(i) slot(i, "hole")), cex=0.6)
title(xlab="Hole slot values before checking")
SPres <- SpatialPolygons(list(res))
plot(SPres)
text(t(sapply(slot(res, "Polygons"), function(i) slot(i, "labpt"))),
 labels=sapply(slot(res, "Polygons"), function(i) slot(i, "hole")), cex=0.6)
title(xlab="Hole slot values after checking")
par(opar)
p1 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(0, 0, 10, 10, 0), y=c(0, 10, 10, 0, 0))) # I
p2 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(3, 3, 7, 7, 3), y=c(3, 7, 7, 3, 3))) # H
p8 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(1, 1, 2, 2, 1), y=c(1, 2, 2, 1, 1))) # H
p9 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(1, 1, 2, 2, 1), y=c(5, 6, 6, 5, 5))) # H
p3 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(20, 20, 30, 30, 20), y=c(20, 30, 30, 20, 20))) # I
p4 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(21, 21, 29, 29, 21), y=c(21, 29, 29, 21, 21))) # H
p14 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(21, 21, 29, 29, 21), y=c(21, 29, 29, 21, 21))) # H
p5 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(22, 22, 28, 28, 22), y=c(22, 28, 28, 22, 22))) # I
p15 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(22, 22, 28, 28, 22), y=c(22, 28, 28, 22, 22))) # I
p6 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(23, 23, 27, 27, 23), y=c(23, 27, 27, 23, 23))) # H
p7 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(13, 13, 17, 17, 13), y=c(13, 17, 17, 13, 13))) # I
p10 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(24, 24, 26, 26, 24), y=c(24, 26, 26, 24, 24))) # I
p11 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(24.25, 24.25, 25.75, 25.75, 24.25),
 y=c(24.25, 25.75, 25.75, 24.25, 24.25))) # H
p12 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(24.5, 24.5, 25.5, 25.5, 24.5),
 y=c(24.5, 25.5, 25.5, 24.5, 24.5))) # I
p13 <- Polygon(cbind(x=c(24.75, 24.75, 25.25, 25.25, 24.75),
 y=c(24.75, 25.25, 25.25, 24.75, 24.75))) # H
lp <- list(p1, p2, p13, p7, p6, p5, p4, p3, p8, p11, p12, p9, p10, p14, p15)
#           1   2    3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10   11  12   13   14   15
#           0   1   11   0   6   0   8   0   1   13    0   1    0  (7)  (6)
#           I   H    H   I   H   I   H   I   H    H    I   H    I   ?    ?
pls <- Polygons(lp, ID="1")
comment(pls)
pls1 <- checkPolygonsHoles(pls)
comment(pls1)
opar <- par(mfrow=c(1,2))
plot(SpatialPolygons(list(pls)), col="magenta", pbg="cyan", usePolypath=FALSE)
title(xlab="Hole slot values before checking")
plot(SpatialPolygons(list(pls1)), col="magenta", pbg="cyan", usePolypath=FALSE)
title(xlab="Hole slot values after checking")
par(opar)
}
}