methods (version 3.6.0)

representation: Construct a Representation or a Prototype for a Class Definition

Description

These are old utility functions to construct, respectively a list designed to represent the slots and superclasses and a list of prototype specifications. The representation() function is no longer useful, since the arguments slots and contains to setClass are now recommended.

The prototype() function may still be used for the corresponding argument, but a simple list of the same arguments works as well.

Usage

representation(...)
prototype(...)

Arguments

...

The call to representation takes arguments that are single character strings. Unnamed arguments are classes that a newly defined class extends; named arguments name the explicit slots in the new class, and specify what class each slot should have.

In the call to prototype, if an unnamed argument is supplied, it unconditionally forms the basis for the prototype object. Remaining arguments are taken to correspond to slots of this object. It is an error to supply more than one unnamed argument.

Value

The value of representation is just the list of arguments, after these have been checked for validity.

The value of prototype is the object to be used as the prototype. Slots will have been set consistently with the arguments, but the construction does not use the class definition to test validity of the contents (it hardly can, since the prototype object is usually supplied to create the definition).

Details

The representation function applies tests for the validity of the arguments. Each must specify the name of a class.

The classes named don't have to exist when representation is called, but if they do, then the function will check for any duplicate slot names introduced by each of the inherited classes.

The arguments to prototype are usually named initial values for slots, plus an optional first argument that gives the object itself. The unnamed argument is typically useful if there is a data part to the definition (see the examples below).

References

Chambers, John M. (2008) Software for Data Analysis: Programming with R Springer. (For the R version.)

Chambers, John M. (1998) Programming with Data Springer (For the original S4 version.)

See Also

setClass

Examples

# NOT RUN {
## representation for a new class with a directly define slot "smooth"
## which should be a "numeric" object, and extending class "track"
representation("track", smooth ="numeric")
# }
# NOT RUN {
###  >>> This *is* old syntax -- use 'contains=*, slots=*' instead <<<
###                ==========         ----------  ------   ======

# }
# NOT RUN {
<!-- %% Just kept here for "back compatibility" ............... -->
# }
# NOT RUN {
setClass("Character",representation("character"))
setClass("TypedCharacter",representation("Character",type="character"),
          prototype(character(0),type="plain"))
ttt <- new("TypedCharacter", "foo", type = "character")
# }
# NOT RUN {
setClass("num1", representation(comment = "character"),
         contains = "numeric",
         prototype = prototype(pi, comment = "Start with pi"))

# }
# NOT RUN {
# }