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$$ANMR = 100\frac{ \sum_i |D_i - O_i| }{ \sum_i P_i }$$ where \(D_i\) is the total inflows to zone \(i\) and \(O_i\) is the total outflows from zone \(i\).
migration.rate(m, PAR)
migration matrix
population at risk
Martin Bell and Salut Muhidin (2009) Cross-National Comparisons of Internal Migration. Research Paper. UNDP. https://hdr.undp.org/content/cross-national-comparisons-internal-migration
# NOT RUN { data(migration.world) migration.rate(migration.world, 6e+9) # }
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