misty (version 0.5.0)

item.reverse: Reverse Code Scale Item

Description

This function reverse codes inverted items, i.e., items that are negatively worded.

Usage

item.reverse(x, min = NULL, max = NULL, keep = NULL, names = ".r",
             as.na = NULL, table = FALSE, check = TRUE)

Value

Returns a numeric vector or data frame with the same length or same number of rows as x containing the reverse coded scale item(s).

Arguments

x

a numeric vector for reverse coding an item, matrix or data frame for reverse coding more than one item.

min

an integer indicating the minimum of the item (i.e., lowest possible scale value).

max

an integer indicating the maximum of the item (i.e., highest possible scale value).

keep

a numeric vector indicating values not to be reverse coded.

names

a character string or character vector indicating the names of the reverse coded item when specifying more than one variable. By default, variables are named with the ending ".r" resulting in e.g. "x1.r" and "x2.r". Variable names can also be specified using a character vector matching the number of variables specified in x (e.g., names = c("reverse.x1", "reverse.x2")).

as.na

a numeric vector indicating user-defined missing values, i.e. these values are converted to NA before conducting the analysis.

table

logical: if TRUE, a cross table item x reverse coded item is printed on the console if only one variable is specified in x.

check

logical: if TRUE, argument specification is checked.

Author

Takuya Yanagida

Details

If arguments min and/or max are not specified, empirical minimum and/or maximum is computed from the data Note, however, that reverse coding might fail if the lowest or highest possible scale value is not represented in the data That is, it is always preferable to specify the arguments min and max.

References

Rasch, D., Kubinger, K. D., & Yanagida, T. (2011). Statistics in psychology - Using R and SPSS. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

See Also

item.alpha, item.omega, rec, item.scores

Examples

dat <- data.frame(item1 = c(1, 5, 3, 1, 4, 4, 1, 5),
                  item2 = c(1, 1.3, 1.7, 2, 2.7, 3.3, 4.7, 5),
                  item3 = c(4, 2, 4, 5, 1, 3, 5, -99))

# Reverse code item1
dat$item1r <- item.reverse(dat$item1, min = 1, max = 5)

# Reverse code item3 while keeping the value -99
dat$item3r <- item.reverse(dat$item3, min = 1, max = 5, keep = -99)

# Reverse code item3 while keeping the value -99 and check recoding
dat$item3r <- item.reverse(dat$item3, min = 1, max = 5, keep = -99, table = TRUE)

# Reverse code item1, item2, and item 3 and attach to 'dat'
dat <- cbind(dat,
             item.reverse(dat[, c("item1", "item2", "item3")],
                          min = 1, max = 5, keep = -99))