mvtnorm (version 1.1-3)

Mvnorm: Multivariate Normal Density and Random Deviates

Description

These functions provide the density function and a random number generator for the multivariate normal distribution with mean equal to mean and covariance matrix sigma.

Usage

dmvnorm(x, mean = rep(0, p), sigma = diag(p), log = FALSE, checkSymmetry = TRUE)
rmvnorm(n, mean = rep(0, nrow(sigma)), sigma = diag(length(mean)),
        method=c("eigen", "svd", "chol"), pre0.9_9994 = FALSE, checkSymmetry = TRUE)

Arguments

x

vector or matrix of quantiles. If x is a matrix, each row is taken to be a quantile.

n

number of observations.

mean

mean vector, default is rep(0, length = ncol(x)).

sigma

covariance matrix, default is diag(ncol(x)).

log

logical; if TRUE, densities d are given as log(d).

method

string specifying the matrix decomposition used to determine the matrix root of sigma. Possible methods are eigenvalue decomposition ("eigen", default), singular value decomposition ("svd"), and Cholesky decomposition ("chol"). The Cholesky is typically fastest, not by much though.

pre0.9_9994

logical; if FALSE, the output produced in mvtnorm versions up to 0.9-9993 is reproduced. In 0.9-9994, the output is organized such that rmvnorm(10,...) has the same first ten rows as rmvnorm(100, ...) when called with the same seed.

checkSymmetry

logical; if FALSE, skip checking whether the covariance matrix is symmetric or not. This will speed up the computation but may cause unexpected outputs when ill-behaved sigma is provided. The default value is TRUE.

Author

Friedrich Leisch and Fabian Scheipl

See Also

pmvnorm, rnorm, qmvnorm

Examples

dmvnorm(x=c(0,0))
dmvnorm(x=c(0,0), mean=c(1,1))

sigma <- matrix(c(4,2,2,3), ncol=2)
x <- rmvnorm(n=500, mean=c(1,2), sigma=sigma)
colMeans(x)
var(x)

x <- rmvnorm(n=500, mean=c(1,2), sigma=sigma, method="chol")
colMeans(x)
var(x)

plot(x)