Provide a summary of the variables in a data frame by groups of rows.
This is most useful with a groupedData object to examine the
variables by group.
gsummary(object, FUN, omitGroupingFactor, form, level,
groups, invariantsOnly, ...)A data.frame with one row for each level of the grouping
factor. The number of columns is at most the number of columns in
object.
an object to be summarized - usually a groupedData
object or a data.frame.
an optional summary function or a list of summary functions
to be applied to each variable in the frame. The function or
functions are applied only to variables in object that vary
within the groups defined by groups. Invariant variables are
always summarized by group using the unique value that they assume
within that group. If FUN is a single
function it will be applied to each non-invariant variable by group
to produce the summary for that variable. If FUN is a list of
functions, the names in the list should designate classes of
variables in the frame such as ordered, factor, or
numeric. The indicated function will be applied to any
non-invariant variables of that class. The default functions to be
used are mean for numeric factors, and Mode for both
factor and ordered. The Mode function, defined
internally in gsummary, returns the modal or most popular
value of the variable. It is different from the mode function
that returns the S-language mode of the variable.
an optional logical value. When TRUE
the grouping factor itself will be omitted from the group-wise
summary but the levels of the grouping factor will continue to be
used as the row names for the data frame that is produced by the
summary. Defaults to FALSE.
an optional one-sided formula that defines the groups.
When this formula is given, the right-hand side is evaluated in
object, converted to a factor if necessary, and the unique
levels are used to define the groups. Defaults to
formula(object).
an optional positive integer giving the level of grouping to be used in an object with multiple nested grouping levels. Defaults to the highest or innermost level of grouping.
an optional factor that will be used to split the
rows into groups. Defaults to getGroups(object, form, level).
an optional logical value. When TRUE only
those covariates that are invariant within each group will be
summarized. The summary value for the group is always the unique
value taken on by that covariate within the group. The columns in
the summary are of the same class as the corresponding columns in
object. By definition, the grouping factor itself must be an
invariant. When combined with omitGroupingFactor = TRUE,
this option can be used to discover is there are invariant covariates
in the data frame. Defaults to FALSE.
optional additional arguments to the summary functions
that are invoked on the variables by group. Often it is helpful to
specify na.rm = TRUE.
José Pinheiro and Douglas Bates bates@stat.wisc.edu
Pinheiro, J.C., and Bates, D.M. (2000) "Mixed-Effects Models in S and S-PLUS", Springer.
summary, groupedData,
getGroups
gsummary(Orthodont) # default summary by Subject
## gsummary with invariantsOnly = TRUE and omitGroupingFactor = TRUE
## determines whether there are covariates like Sex that are invariant
## within the repeated observations on the same Subject.
gsummary(Orthodont, inv = TRUE, omit = TRUE)
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