nnfor (version 0.9.9)

elm.thief: ELM network for THieF.

Description

Function for ELM forecasting with Temporal Hierarchies.

Usage

elm.thief(y, h = NULL, ...)

Value

An object of classes "forecast.net" and "forecast". The function plot produces a plot of the forecasts. An object of class "forecast.net" is a list containing the following elements:

• method - The name of the forecasting method as a character string.

• mean - Point forecasts as a time series.

• all.mean - An array h x reps of all ensemble members forecasts, where reps are the number of ensemble members.

• x - The original time series (either fit used to create the network.

• fitted - Fitted values. Any values not fitted for the initial period of the time series are imputted with NA.

• residuals - Residuals from the fitted network.

Arguments

y

Input time series. Can be ts or msts object.

h

Forecast horizon. If NULL then h is set to match frequency of time series.

...

Additional arguments passed to elm.

Author

Nikolaos Kourentzes,

References

• For forecasting with temporal hierarchies see: Athanasopoulos G., Hyndman R.J., Kourentzes N., Petropoulos F. (2017) Forecasting with Temporal Hierarchies. European Journal of Operational research, 262(1), 60-74.

• For combination operators see: Kourentzes N., Barrow B.K., Crone S.F. (2014) Neural network ensemble operators for time series forecasting. Expert Systems with Applications, 41(9), 4235-4244.

See Also

elm, mlp.thief.

Examples

if (FALSE) {
  library(thief)
  frc <- thief(AirPassengers,forecastfunction=elm.thief)
  plot(frc)
}