pastecs (version 1.4.2)

daystoyears: Convert time units from "days" to "years" or back

Description

Convert time scales. The time scale "days" corresponds to 1 unit per day. The time scale "years" uses 1 unit for 1 year. It is used in any analysis that requires seasonal decomposition and/or elimination.

Usage

daystoyears(x, datemin=NULL, dateformat="m/d/Y")
yearstodays(x, xmin=NULL)

Value

A numerical vector of the same length as x with the converted time-scale

Arguments

x

A vector of time values

datemin

A character string representing the first date, using a format corresponding to dateformat. For instance, with datemin="04/23/1998" and dateformat="m/d/Y", the first observation is assumed to be made the 23th April 1998. In R, it can also be a POSIXt date (see ?DataTimeClasses). In this case, dateformat is not required and is ignored. By default, datemin=NULL

dateformat

The format used for the date in datemin. For instance, "d/m/Y" or "m/d/y". The distinction between "Y" and "y" is not important in Splus, but it is vital in R to use "y" for two-digit years (ex: 89) and "Y" for four-digits years (ex: 1989), or the date will not be correctly converted! In R, you can also use a POSIXt format specification like "%d-%m%Y" for instance (see ?strptime for a complete description of POSIXt format specification. In both Splus and R, you can also use "mon" for abbreviated months like "mon d Y" for "Apr 20 1965", and "month" for fully-spelled months like "d month Y" for "24 September 2003"

xmin

The minimum value for the "days" time-scale

Author

Philippe Grosjean (), Frédéric Ibanez ()

Details

The "years" time-scale uses one unit for each year. We deliberately "linearized" time in this time-scale and each year is considered to have exactly 365.25 days. There is thus no adjustment for lep years. Indeed, a small shift (less than one day) is introduced. This could result, for some dates, especially the 31st December, or 1st January of a year to be considered as belonging to the next, or previous year, respectively! Similarly, one month is considered to be 1/12 year, no mather if it has 28, 29, 30 or 31 days. Thus, the same warning applies: there are shifts in months introduced by this linearization of time! This representation simplifies further calculations, especially regarding seasonal effects (a quarter is exactly 0.25 units for instance), but shifts introduced in time may or may not be a problem for your particular application (if exact dates matters, do not use this; if shifts of up to one day is not significant, there is no problem, like when working on long-term biological series with years as units). Notice that converting it back to "days", using yearstodays() restablishes exact dates without errors. So, no data is lost, it just a conversion to a simplified (linearized) calendar!

See Also

buysbal

Examples

# A vector with a "days" time-scale (25 values every 30 days)
A <- (1:25)*30
# Convert it to a "years" time-scale, using 23/05/2001 (d/m/Y) as first value
B <- daystoyears(A, datemin="23/05/2001", dateformat="d/m/Y")
B
# Convert it back to "days" time-scale
yearstodays(B, xmin=30)

# Here is an example showing the shift introduced, and its consequence:
C <- daystoyears(unclass(as.Date(c("1970-1-1","1971-1-1","1972-1-1","1973-1-1"),
	format = "%Y-%m-%d")))
C