This index was proposed by Cox & Snell (1989, pp. 208-9) and,
apparently independently, by Magee (1990); but had been suggested earlier
for binary response models by Maddala (1983). However, this index achieves
a maximum of less than 1 for discrete models (i.e. models whose likelihood
is a product of probabilities) which have a maximum of 1, instead of
densities, which can become infinite (Nagelkerke, 1991).