This index was proposed by Cox & Snell (1989, pp. 208-9) and,
apparently independently, by Magee (1990); but had been suggested
earlier for binary response models by Maddala (1983). However, this
index achieves a maximum of less than 1 for discrete models (i.e. models
whose likelihood is a product of probabilities) which have a maximum of 1,
instead of densities, which can become infinite (Nagelkerke, 1991).