rayrender (version 0.9.1)

render_scene: Render Scene

Description

Takes the scene description and renders an image, either to the device or to a filename.

Usage

render_scene(
  scene,
  width = 400,
  height = 400,
  fov = 20,
  samples = 100,
  min_variance = 5e-05,
  min_adaptive_size = 8,
  ambient_light = FALSE,
  lookfrom = c(0, 1, 10),
  lookat = c(0, 0, 0),
  camera_up = c(0, 1, 0),
  aperture = 0.1,
  clamp_value = Inf,
  filename = NULL,
  backgroundhigh = "#80b4ff",
  backgroundlow = "#ffffff",
  shutteropen = 0,
  shutterclose = 1,
  focal_distance = NULL,
  ortho_dimensions = c(1, 1),
  tonemap = "gamma",
  bloom = TRUE,
  parallel = TRUE,
  environment_light = NULL,
  rotate_env = 0,
  debug_channel = "none",
  progress = interactive(),
  verbose = FALSE
)

Arguments

scene

Tibble of object locations and properties.

width

Default `400`. Width of the render, in pixels.

height

Default `400`. Height of the render, in pixels.

fov

Default `20`. Field of view, in degrees. If this is zero, the camera will use an orthographic projection. The size of the plane used to create the orthographic projection is given in argument `ortho_dimensions`.

samples

Default `100`. The maximum number of samples for each pixel.

min_variance

Default `0.00005`. Minimum acceptable variance for a block of pixels for the adaptive sampler. Smaller numbers give higher quality images, at the expense of longer rendering times. If this is set to zero, the adaptive sampler will be turned off and the renderer will use the maximum number of samples everywhere.

min_adaptive_size

Default `8`. Width of the minimum block size in the adaptive sampler.

ambient_light

Default `FALSE`, unless there are no emitting objects in the scene. If `TRUE`, the background will be a gradient varying from `backgroundhigh` directly up (+y) to `backgroundlow` directly down (-y).

lookfrom

Default `c(0,1,10)`. Location of the camera.

lookat

Default `c(0,0,0)`. Location where the camera is pointed.

camera_up

Default `c(0,1,0)`. Vector indicating the "up" position of the camera.

aperture

Default `0.1`. Aperture of the camera. Smaller numbers will increase depth of field, causing less blurring in areas not in focus.

clamp_value

Default `Inf`. If a bright light or a reflective material is in the scene, occasionally there will be bright spots that will not go away even with a large number of samples. These can be removed (at the cost of slightly darkening the image) by setting this to a small number greater than 1.

filename

Default `NULL`. If present, the renderer will write to the filename instead of the current device.

backgroundhigh

Default `#80b4ff`. The "high" color in the background gradient. Can be either a hexadecimal code, or a numeric rgb vector listing three intensities between `0` and `1`.

backgroundlow

Default `#ffffff`. The "low" color in the background gradient. Can be either a hexadecimal code, or a numeric rgb vector listing three intensities between `0` and `1`.

shutteropen

Default `0`. Time at which the shutter is open. Only affects moving objects.

shutterclose

Default `1`. Time at which the shutter is open. Only affects moving objects.

focal_distance

Default `NULL`, automatically set to the `lookfrom-lookat` distance unless otherwise specified.

ortho_dimensions

Default `c(1,1)`. Width and height of the orthographic camera. Will only be used if `fov = 0`.

tonemap

Default `gamma`. Choose the tone mapping function, Default `gamma` solely adjusts for gamma and clamps values greater than 1 to 1. `reinhold` scales values by their individual color channels `color/(1+color)` and then performs the gamma adjustment. `uncharted` uses the mapping developed for Uncharted 2 by John Hable. `hbd` uses an optimized formula by Jim Hejl and Richard Burgess-Dawson. Note: If set to anything other than `gamma`, objects with material `light()` may not be anti-aliased. If `raw`, the raw array of HDR values will be returned, rather than an image or a plot.

bloom

Default `TRUE`. Set to `FALSE` to get the raw, pathtraced image. Otherwise, this performs a convolution of the HDR image of the scene with a sharp, long-tailed exponential kernel, which does not visibly affect dimly pixels, but does result in emitters light slightly bleeding into adjacent pixels. This provides an antialiasing effect for lights, even when tonemapping the image. Pass in a matrix to specify the convolution kernel manually, or a positive number to control the intensity of the bloom (higher number = more bloom).

parallel

Default `FALSE`. If `TRUE`, it will use all available cores to render the image (or the number specified in `options("cores")` if that option is not `NULL`).

environment_light

Default `NULL`. An image to be used for the background for rays that escape the scene. Supports both HDR (`.hdr`) and low-dynamic range (`.png`, `.jpg`) images.

rotate_env

Default `0`. The number of degrees to rotate the environment map around the scene.

debug_channel

Default `none`. If `depth`, function will return a depth map of rays into the scene instead of an image. If `normals`, function will return an image of scene normals, mapped from 0 to 1. If `uv`, function will return an image of the uv coords. If `variance`, function will return an image showing the number of samples needed to take for each block to converge (when the

progress

Default `TRUE` if interactive session, `FALSE` otherwise.

verbose

Default `FALSE`. Prints information and timing information about scene construction and raytracing progress.

Value

Raytraced plot to current device, or an image saved to a file.

Examples

# NOT RUN {
#Generate a large checkered sphere as the ground
scene = generate_ground(depth=-0.5, material = diffuse(color="white", checkercolor="darkgreen"))
# }
# NOT RUN {
render_scene(scene,parallel=TRUE,samples=500)
# }
# NOT RUN {
#Add a sphere to the center
scene = scene %>%
  add_object(sphere(x=0,y=0,z=0,radius=0.5,material = diffuse(color=c(1,0,1))))
# }
# NOT RUN {
render_scene(scene,fov=20,parallel=TRUE,samples=500)
# }
# NOT RUN {
#Add a marbled cube 
scene = scene %>%
  add_object(cube(x=1.1,y=0,z=0,material = diffuse(noise=3)))
# }
# NOT RUN {
render_scene(scene,fov=20,parallel=TRUE,samples=500)
# }
# NOT RUN {
#Add a metallic gold sphere
scene = scene %>%
  add_object(sphere(x=-1.1,y=0,z=0,radius=0.5,material = metal(color="gold",fuzz=0.1)))
# }
# NOT RUN {
render_scene(scene,fov=20,parallel=TRUE,samples=500)
# }
# NOT RUN {
#Lower the number of samples to render more quickly (here, we also use only one core).
render_scene(scene, samples=4)

#Add a floating R plot using the iris dataset as a png onto a floating 2D rectangle

# }
# NOT RUN {
tempfileplot = tempfile()
png(filename=tempfileplot,height=400,width=800)
plot(iris$Petal.Length,iris$Sepal.Width,col=iris$Species,pch=18,cex=4)
dev.off()

image_array = aperm(png::readPNG(tempfileplot),c(2,1,3))
scene = scene %>%
  add_object(xy_rect(x=0,y=1.1,z=0,xwidth=2,angle = c(0,180,0),
                     material = diffuse(image = image_array)))
render_scene(scene,fov=20,parallel=TRUE,samples=500)
# }
# NOT RUN {
#Move the camera
# }
# NOT RUN {
render_scene(scene,lookfrom = c(7,1.5,10),lookat = c(0,0.5,0),fov=15,parallel=TRUE)
# }
# NOT RUN {
#Change the background gradient to a night time ambiance
# }
# NOT RUN {
render_scene(scene,lookfrom = c(7,1.5,10),lookat = c(0,0.5,0),fov=15,
             backgroundhigh = "#282375", backgroundlow = "#7e77ea", parallel=TRUE,
             samples=500)
# }
# NOT RUN {
                 
#Increase the aperture to blur objects that are further from the focal plane.
# }
# NOT RUN {
render_scene(scene,lookfrom = c(7,1.5,10),lookat = c(0,0.5,0),fov=15,
             aperture = 0.5,parallel=TRUE,samples=500)
# }
# NOT RUN {
                 
#Spin the camera around the scene, decreasing the number of samples to render faster. To make 
#an animation, specify the a filename in `render_scene` for each frame and use the `av` package
#or ffmpeg to combine them all into a movie.

t=1:30 
xpos = 10 * sin(t*12*pi/180+pi/2)
zpos = 10 * cos(t*12*pi/180+pi/2)
# }
# NOT RUN {
#Save old par() settings
old.par = par(no.readonly = TRUE)
on.exit(par(old.par))
par(mfrow=c(5,6))
for(i in 1:30) {
 render_scene(scene, samples=5,
   lookfrom = c(xpos[i],1.5,zpos[i]),lookat = c(0,0.5,0), parallel=TRUE)
}
# }