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The definition used is
generate_batman_function(dimensions, alpha = 0.25)
[integer(1)] Size of parameter space.
integer(1)
[numeric(1)] Parameter for control of groove shape
numeric(1)
A soo_function.
soo_function
$$f(x) = \left[\left((x^Tx)^2 - (\sum_{i=1}^n)^2\right)^2\right]^\alpha + \frac{1}{N}\left(\frac{1}{2}x^Tx + \sum_{i=1}^n x_i\right) + \frac{1}{2}$$
H.-G. Beyer and S. Finck. HappyCat - A Simple Function Class Where Well-Known Direct Search Algorithms Do Fail. In: PPSN XII (Parallel Problem Solving from Nature), 367-376, Springer, Heidelberg, 2012.
# NOT RUN { f <- generate_batman_function(2, 1/4) plot(f) # }
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