spatstat.data (version 3.1-6)

shelling: Artillery Impacts in Ukraine

Description

Spatial point patterns of the impacts of high-explosive artillery rounds in two fields in eastern Ukraine.

Usage

data(shelling)

Format

shelling and shelling2 are point patterns (objects of class "ppp") containing 106 and 110 points respectively inside polygonal observation windows. Spatial coordinates are given in metres, relative to an origin at the southwest corner of the containing rectangle.

Details

The datasets shelling and shelling2 give the spatial locations of impact marks, likely the result of high-explosive artillery rounds, in two fields in eastern Ukraine scarred by shelling.

The fields are 1 km south of the village of Yakovlivka, near the cities of Soledar and Bakhmut, in Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. shelling is located at 48 degrees 41 minutes 36 seconds North, 38 degrees 09 minutes 08 seconds East, while shelling2 is an adjacent field to the east, at approximately 48 degrees 41 minutes 38 seconds North, 38 degrees 09 minutes 33 seconds East.

The data were extracted by Tilman Davies from satellite imagery taken on 19 June 2022 and provided by Google Earth (2022). Data were accessed on 18 April 2024. The coordinates of the individual impact points and the region boundary were geo-located using Google Earth Pro. For each field, the resulting raw latitude and longitude coordinates were projected to approximate planar distances in meters using the centroid of the field. Spatial coordinates in the datasets are given in metres, relative to an origin at the southwest corner of the containing rectangle.

The data were first analysed by Baddeley, Davies and Hazelton (2025).

References

Google Earth Pro (2022). Satellite imagery of Soledar taken on 19 June 2022. Google Earth Pro 7.3.6, Maxar Technologies, Airbus. https://earth.google.com/web.

Baddeley, A., Davies, T.M. and Hazelton, M.L. (2025) An improved estimator of the pair correlation function of a spatial point process. Biometrika, to appear.

Examples

if(require(spatstat.geom)) {
  plot(shelling, pch=3)
  N <- onearrow(830, 400, 830, 530, "N")
  plot(N, add=TRUE)
  shelling <- rescale(shelling, 1000, "km")
  if(require(spatstat.explore)) {
    plot(density(shelling))
  }
}

if(require(spatstat.geom)) {
  plot(shelling2, pch=3)
  A <- onearrow(465, 590, 465, 710, "N")
  plot(A, add=TRUE)
  alpha <- atan2(775.7, 471.4) # about 59 degrees
  plot(rotate(shelling2, alpha))
  plot(rotate(A, alpha), add=TRUE)
}