This command estimates the variance of any summary statistic (such as the \(K\)-function) by spatial subdivision of a single point pattern dataset.
varblock(X, fun = Kest,
blocks = quadrats(X, nx = nx, ny = ny),
...,
nx = 3, ny = nx,
confidence=0.95)A function value table (object of class "fv")
that contains the result of fun(X) as well as
the sample mean, sample variance and sample standard deviation
of the block estimates, together with
the upper and lower two-standard-deviation confidence limits.
Point pattern dataset (object of class "ppp").
Function that computes the summary statistic.
Optional. A tessellation that specifies the division of the space into blocks.
Arguments passed to fun.
Optional. Number of rectangular blocks
in the \(x\) and \(y\) directions.
Incompatible with blocks.
Confidence level, as a fraction between 0 and 1.
If the blocks are too small, there may be insufficient data
in some blocks, and the function fun may report an error.
If this happens, you need to take larger blocks.
An error message about incompatibility may occur.
The different function estimates may be incompatible in some cases,
for example, because they use different default edge corrections
(typically because the tiles of the tessellation are not the same kind
of geometric object as the window of X, or because the default
edge correction depends on the number of points). To prevent
this, specify the choice of edge correction,
in the correction argument to fun, if it has one.
An alternative to varblock is Loh's mark bootstrap
lohboot.
Adrian Baddeley Adrian.Baddeley@curtin.edu.au
and Rolf Turner rolfturner@posteo.net
This command computes an estimate of the variance of
the summary statistic fun(X) from a single point pattern
dataset X using a subdivision method.
It can be used to plot confidence intervals
for the true value of a summary function such as the \(K\)-function.
The window containing X is divided into pieces by
an nx * ny array of rectangles
(or is divided into pieces of more general shape,
according to the argument blocks if it is present).
The summary statistic fun is applied to each of the
corresponding sub-patterns of X as described below.
Then the pointwise
sample mean, sample variance and sample standard deviation
of these summary statistics are computed. Then
pointwise confidence intervals are computed, for the specified level
of confidence, defaulting to 95 percent.
The variance is estimated by equation (4.21) of Diggle (2003, page 52).
This assumes that the point pattern X is stationary.
For further details see Diggle (2003, pp 52--53).
The estimate of the summary statistic
from each block is computed as follows.
For most functions fun,
the estimate from block B
is computed by finding the subset of X consisting of
points that fall inside B,
and applying fun to these points, by calling fun(X[B]).
However if fun is the \(K\)-function Kest,
or any function which has an argument called domain,
the estimate for each block B is computed
by calling fun(X, domain=B). In the case of the
\(K\)-function this means that the estimate from block B
is computed by counting pairs of
points in which the first point lies in B,
while the second point may lie anywhere.
Diggle, P.J. (2003) Statistical analysis of spatial point patterns, Second edition. Arnold.
tess,
quadrats for basic manipulation.
lohboot for an alternative bootstrap technique.
v <- varblock(amacrine, Kest, nx=4, ny=2)
v <- varblock(amacrine, Kcross, nx=4, ny=2)
if(interactive()) plot(v, iso ~ r, shade=c("hiiso", "loiso"))
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