spdep (version 0.2-3)

dnearneigh: Neighbourhood contiguity by distance

Description

The function identifies neighbours of region points by Euclidean distance between lower (greater than) and upper (less than or equal to) bounds, or with lonlat = TRUE, by Great Circle distance in kilometers.

Usage

dnearneigh(x, d1, d2, row.names = NULL, lonlat = FALSE)

Arguments

x

matrix of point coordinates

d1

lower distance bound

d2

upper distance bound

row.names

character vector of region ids to be added to the neighbours list as attribute region.id, default seq(1, nrow(x))

lonlat

TRUE if point coordinates are longitude-latitude decimal degrees, in which case distances are measured in kilometers

Value

• The function returns a list of integer vectors giving the region id numbers for neighbours satisfying the distance criteria.

See Also

knearneigh

Examples

data(columbus)
k1 <- knn2nb(knearneigh(coords))
all.linked <- max(unlist(nbdists(k1, coords)))
col.nb.0.all <- dnearneigh(coords, 0, all.linked, row.names=rownames(columbus))
summary(col.nb.0.all, coords)
plotpolys(polys, bbs, border="grey")
plot(col.nb.0.all, coords, add=TRUE)
title(main=paste("Distance based neighbours 0-",  format(all.linked),
 "distance units", sep=""))
data(state)
us48.fipsno <- read.geoda(system.file("etc/weights/us48.txt",
 package="spdep")[1])
m50.48 <- match(us48.fipsno$State.name, state.name)
xy <- as.matrix(as.data.frame(state.center))[m50.48,]
llk1 <- knn2nb(knearneigh(xy, k=1, lonlat=FALSE))
all.linked <- max(unlist(nbdists(llk1, xy, lonlat=FALSE)))
ll.nb <- dnearneigh(xy, 0, all.linked, lonlat=FALSE)
summary(ll.nb, xy, lonlat=TRUE, scale=0.5)
gck1 <- knn2nb(knearneigh(xy, k=1, lonlat=TRUE))
all.linked <- max(unlist(nbdists(gck1, xy, lonlat=TRUE)))
gc.nb <- dnearneigh(xy, 0, all.linked, lonlat=TRUE)
summary(gc.nb, xy, lonlat=TRUE, scale=0.5)
plot(ll.nb, xy)
plot(diffnb(ll.nb, gc.nb), xy, add=TRUE, col="red", lty=2)
title(main="Differences between Euclidean and Great Circle neighbours")