Homicides and selected socio-economic characteristics for continental U.S. counties. Data for four decennial census years: 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990.
NCOVR.sfAn spatial feature (sf) object with 3085 rows and 41 variables:
County coded as a name (factor)
state fips code (factor)
state fips code (factor)
dummy variable for Southern counties (South = 1)
homicide rate per 100,000 (1960, 1970, 1980, 1990)
homicide count, three year average centered on 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990
county population, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990
resource deprivation 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 (principal component, see Codebook for details)
population structure 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 (principal component, see Codebook for details)
unemployment rate 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990
divorce rate 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 (% males over 14 divorced)
median age 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990
% families below poverty 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 (see Codebook for details)
Multipolygon geometry of the spatial feature object
Baller, R., L. Anselin, S. Messner, G. Deane and D. Hawkins (2001). Structural covariates of US county homicide rates: incorporating spatial effects. Criminology 39, 561-590.