These functions convert a given date/time object to a character vector or conversely.
stri_datetime_format(time, format = "uuuu-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", tz = NULL,
locale = NULL)stri_datetime_parse(str, format = "uuuu-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", lenient = FALSE,
tz = NULL, locale = NULL)
an object of class POSIXct
or an object coercible to
single string, see Details; see also stri_datetime_fstr
NULL
or ""
for the default time zone
or a single string with a timezone identifier,
see stri_timezone_list
NULL
or ""
for default locale,
or a single string with locale identifier; a non-Gregorian calendar
may be specified by setting the @calendar=name
keyword
character vector
single logical value; should date/time parsing be lenient?
Further arguments to be passed from or to other methods.
stri_datetime_format
returns a character vector.
stri_datetime_parse
returns an object of class POSIXct
.
Vectorized over time
or str
.
By default, stri_datetime_format
(unlike format.POSIXst
)
formats a date/time object using the current default time zone.
This is for the sake of compatibility with the strftime
function.
format
may be one of DT_STYLE
or DT_relative_STYLE
,
where DT
is equal to date
, time
, or datetime
,
and STYLE
is equal to full
, long
, medium
, or short
.
This gives a locale-dependent date and/or time format.
Note that currently ICU does not support relative
time
formats,
so this flag is currently ignored in such a context.
Otherwise, format
is a pattern:
a string, where specific sequences of characters are replaced
with date and time data from a calendar when formatting or used
to generate data for a calendar when parsing.
For example, y
stands for the year. Characters
may be used multiple times. For instance, if y
is used for the year,
yy
might produce 99
, whereas yyyy
produces 1999
.
For most numerical fields, the number of characters specifies
the field width. For example, if h
is the hour, h
might
produce 5
, but hh
produces 05
.
For some characters, the count specifies whether an abbreviated
or full form should be used, but may have other choices, as given below.
Two single quotes represent a literal single quote, either
inside or outside single quotes. Text within single quotes
is not interpreted in any way (except for two adjacent single quotes).
Otherwise all ASCII letter from a
to z
and A
to Z
are reserved as syntax characters, and require quoting if
they are to represent literal characters. In addition, certain
ASCII punctuation characters may become variable in the future
(eg :
being interpreted as the time separator and /
as a date separator, and replaced by respective
locale-sensitive characters in display).
Symbol | Meaning | Example(s) | Output |
G | era designator | G, GG, or GGG | AD |
GGGG | Anno Domini | ||
GGGGG | A | ||
y | year | yy | 96 |
y or yyyy | 1996 | ||
u | extended year | u | 4601 |
U | cyclic year name, as in Chinese lunar calendar | U | |
r | related Gregorian year | r | 1996 |
Q | quarter | Q or QQ | 02 |
QQQ | Q2 | ||
QQQQ | 2nd quarter | ||
QQQQQ | 2 | ||
q | Stand Alone quarter | q or qq | 02 |
qqq | Q2 | ||
qqqq | 2nd quarter | ||
qqqqq | 2 | ||
M | month in year | M or MM | 09 |
MMM | Sep | ||
MMMM | September | ||
MMMMM | S | ||
L | Stand Alone month in year | L or LL | 09 |
LLL | Sep | ||
LLLL | September | ||
LLLLL | S | ||
w | week of year | w or ww | 27 |
W | week of month | W | 2 |
d | day in month | d | 2 |
dd | 02 | ||
D | day of year | D | 189 |
F | day of week in month | F | 2 (2nd Wed in July) |
g | modified Julian day | g | 2451334 |
E | day of week | E, EE, or EEE | Tue |
EEEE | Tuesday | ||
EEEEE | T | ||
EEEEEE | Tu | ||
e | local day of week | e or ee | 2 |
example: if Monday is 1st day, Tuesday is 2nd ) | eee | Tue | |
eeee | Tuesday | ||
eeeee | T | ||
eeeeee | Tu | ||
c | Stand Alone local day of week | c or cc | 2 |
ccc | Tue | ||
cccc | Tuesday | ||
ccccc | T | ||
cccccc | Tu | ||
a | am/pm marker | a | pm |
h | hour in am/pm (1~12) | h | 7 |
hh | 07 | ||
H | hour in day (0~23) | H | 0 |
HH | 00 | ||
k | hour in day (1~24) | k | 24 |
kk | 24 | ||
K | hour in am/pm (0~11) | K | 0 |
KK | 00 | ||
m | minute in hour | m | 4 |
mm | 04 | ||
s | second in minute | s | 5 |
ss | 05 | ||
S | fractional second - truncates (like other time fields) | S | 2 |
to the count of letters when formatting. Appends | SS | 23 | |
zeros if more than 3 letters specified. Truncates at | SSS | 235 | |
three significant digits when parsing. | SSSS | 2350 | |
A | milliseconds in day | A | 61201235 |
z | Time Zone: specific non-location | z, zz, or zzz | PDT |
zzzz | Pacific Daylight Time | ||
Z | Time Zone: ISO8601 basic hms? / RFC 822 | Z, ZZ, or ZZZ | -0800 |
Time Zone: long localized GMT (=OOOO) | ZZZZ | GMT-08:00 | |
Time Zone: ISO8601 extended hms? (=XXXXX) | ZZZZZ | -08:00, -07:52:58, Z | |
O | Time Zone: short localized GMT | O | GMT-8 |
Time Zone: long localized GMT (=ZZZZ) | OOOO | GMT-08:00 | |
v | Time Zone: generic non-location | v | PT |
(falls back first to VVVV) | vvvv | Pacific Time or Los Angeles Time | |
V | Time Zone: short time zone ID | V | uslax |
Time Zone: long time zone ID | VV | America/Los_Angeles | |
Time Zone: time zone exemplar city | VVV | Los Angeles | |
Time Zone: generic location (falls back to OOOO) | VVVV | Los Angeles Time | |
X | Time Zone: ISO8601 basic hm?, with Z for 0 | X | -08, +0530, Z |
Time Zone: ISO8601 basic hm, with Z | XX | -0800, Z | |
Time Zone: ISO8601 extended hm, with Z | XXX | -08:00, Z | |
Time Zone: ISO8601 basic hms?, with Z | XXXX | -0800, -075258, Z | |
Time Zone: ISO8601 extended hms?, with Z | XXXXX | -08:00, -07:52:58, Z | |
x | Time Zone: ISO8601 basic hm?, without Z for 0 | x | -08, +0530 |
Time Zone: ISO8601 basic hm, without Z | xx | -0800 | |
Time Zone: ISO8601 extended hm, without Z | xxx | -08:00 | |
Time Zone: ISO8601 basic hms?, without Z | xxxx | -0800, -075258 | |
Time Zone: ISO8601 extended hms?, without Z | xxxxx | -08:00, -07:52:58 | |
' | escape for text | ' | (nothing) |
Note that any characters in the pattern that are not in the ranges
of [a-z]
and [A-Z]
will be treated as quoted text.
For instance, characters like :
, .
,
(a space),
#
and @
will appear in the resulting time text
even they are not enclosed within single quotes. The single quote is used
to ``escape'' letters. Two single quotes in a row,
inside or outside a quoted sequence, represent a ``real'' single quote.
Here are some examples:
Exemplary Pattern | Result |
yyyy.MM.dd 'at' HH:mm:ss zzz | 2015.12.31 at 23:59:59 GMT+1 |
EEE, MMM d, ''yy | czw., gru 31, '15 |
h:mm a | 11:59 PM |
hh 'o''clock' a, zzzz | 11 o'clock PM, GMT+01:00 |
K:mm a, z | 11:59 PM, GMT+1 |
yyyyy.MMMM.dd GGG hh:mm aaa | 2015.grudnia.31 n.e. 11:59 PM |
uuuu-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZ | 2015-12-31T23:59:59+0100 (the ISO 8601 guideline) |
Formatting Dates and Times - ICU User Guide, http://userguide.icu-project.org/formatparse/datetime
Other datetime: stri_datetime_add
,
stri_datetime_create
,
stri_datetime_fields
,
stri_datetime_fstr
,
stri_datetime_now
,
stri_datetime_symbols
,
stri_timezone_get
,
stri_timezone_info
,
stri_timezone_list
# NOT RUN {
stri_datetime_parse(c("2015-02-28", "2015-02-29"), "yyyy-MM-dd")
stri_datetime_parse(c("2015-02-28", "2015-02-29"), "yyyy-MM-dd", lenient=TRUE)
stri_datetime_parse("19 lipca 2015", "date_long", locale="pl_PL")
stri_datetime_format(stri_datetime_now(), "datetime_relative_medium")
# }
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