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terra (version 1.8-42)

Spatial Data Analysis

Description

Methods for spatial data analysis with vector (points, lines, polygons) and raster (grid) data. Methods for vector data include geometric operations such as intersect and buffer. Raster methods include local, focal, global, zonal and geometric operations. The predict and interpolate methods facilitate the use of regression type (interpolation, machine learning) models for spatial prediction, including with satellite remote sensing data. Processing of very large files is supported. See the manual and tutorials on to get started. 'terra' replaces the 'raster' package ('terra' can do more, and it is faster and easier to use).

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Version

Install

install.packages('terra')

Monthly Downloads

202,413

Version

1.8-42

License

GPL (>= 3)

Homepage

https://rspatial.org/

Maintainer

Robert Hijmans

Last Published

April 2nd, 2025

Functions in terra (1.8-42)

Apply a function to the cells of a SpatRaster

Compare two SpatRasters for equality

Align a SpatExtent

Estimate values for cell values that are NA by interpolating between layers

Create a text representation of (the skeleton of) an object

Conversion to a SpatVector of lines

SpatRaster or SpatVector to data.frame

Animate a SpatRaster

Aggregate raster or vector data

Coerce a Spat* object to a list

Conversion to a SpatVector of points

autocorrelation

Spatial autocorrelation

Two argument arc-tangent

Detect boundaries (edges)

Coerce to a "raster" object

Conversion to a SpatVector of polygons

Bar plot of a SpatRaster

Box plot of SpatRaster data

Get cell numbers

Create a buffer around vector geometries or raster patches

Combine SpatRaster or SpatVector objects

clamp time series data

Factors to numeric

Classify (or reclassify) cell values

Area covered by each raster cell

Query by clicking on a map

Coercion to vector, matrix or array

tighten SpatRaster or SpatRasterDataset objects

Compare-methods

Compare and logical methods

Compare geometries

Concatenate categorical rasters

Get or set a coordinate reference system

Convex, concave, rectangular and circular hulls

Combine geometries

Data type of a SpatRaster or SpatVector

depth of SpatRaster layers

Cut out a geographic subset

Lagged differences

Subdivide a raster or polygons

Geographic distance

Dimensions of a SpatRaster or SpatVector and related objects

extract values along lines

Extract values for a range of layers from a SpatRaster

Replace values with values from another object

Add additional nodes to lines or polygons

deprecated methods

Get the coordinates of SpatVector geometries or SpatRaster cells

Three-dimensional focal values

Make a dot-density map

Get the expanse (area) of individual polygons or for all (summed) raster cells

Draw a polygon, line, extent, or points

Create, get or set a SpatExtent

Focal function across two layers

Focal weights matrix

Categorical rasters

force counter-clockwise polygons

flowAccumulation

Flow accumulation

Frequency table

Extract values from a SpatRaster

Disaggregate raster cells or vector geometries

Get the geometry (coordinates) of a SpatVector

Remove holes from polygons

Geometry type of a SpatVector

Fill time gaps in a SpatRaster

add a grid to a map made with terra

Impose the geometry of a SpatRaster to those in a SpatRasterCollection.

Flip or reverse a raster

Check if a SpatExtent or SpatVector is empty

Raster value types

Initialize a SpatRaster with values

Compute focal values with an iterating C++ function

Focal regression

Erase parts of a SpatVector object

global statistics

Distance on a grid

Names of Spat* objects

nearby geometries

Find gaps between polygons

Create a graticule

Get focal values

Add halo-ed text to a plot

Pit Finder in a Flow Dir SpatRaster for Watershed Extraction

Check for rotation

Change values in-place

head and tail of a SpatRaster or SpatVector

Check for longitude/latitude crs

GDAL version, supported file formats, and cache size

ifelse for SpatRasters

Correlation and (weighted) covariance

Linear units of the coordinate reference system

Compare two SpatRasters for equality

Make an inset map

SpatRaster image method

Plot a SpatExtent

Plot with leaflet

Add points, lines, or polygons to a map

Mask values in a SpatRaster or SpatVector

Plot a graticule

Rectify a SpatRaster

Value matching for SpatRasters

Cell level regression

Check for rotation

Interpolate points using a moving window

Nearest neighbor interpolation

add a custom legend

General mathematical methods

normalize.longitude

normalize vector data that crosses the dateline

Check or fix polygon or extent validity

Memory available and needed

Replace with $<-

Make tiles or get their extents

Replace layers or variables

Get the coordinates of the extent of a map

color palettes for mapping

Get or compute the minimum and maximum cell values

Spatial interpolation

Detect patches (clumps) of cells

Scale values linearly

Number of segments

Make a VRT header file

Set the values of raster cells or of geometry attributes

Spatial relationships between geometries

Fill layers with a range

Replicate layers

Pairs plot (matrix of scatterplots)

SpatRaster PCA with princomp

Combine row, column, and layer numbers

Set or get metadata

Change the coordinate reference system

Compare coordinate reference systems

Take a regular sample

Spatial selection

Read from, or write to, file

mosaic SpatRasters

Find and remove geometries that are NA

Perimeter or length

Subset a SpatRaster or a SpatVector

Replace values of a SpatRaster

Extract values from a SpatRaster, SpatVector or SpatExtent

Transfer values of a SpatRaster to another one with a different geometry

Perspective plot

terrain characteristics

Quantiles of spatial data

Create a SpatRasterDataset

Query a SpatVectorProxy object

spin a SpatVector

Apply a function to layers of a SpatRaster, or sub-datasets of a SpatRasterDataset

Split a SpatRaster or SpatVector

Merge SpatRasters, or merge a SpatVector with a data.frame

Where are the cells with the min or max values?

select cells with high or low values

Which cells are TRUE?

Trim a SpatRaster

merge SpatRasters by timelines to create a single timeseries

Create a SpatVectorCollection

Symmetrical difference

Sort a SpatRaster or SpatVector

SpatRaster wrap with caching options

List or remove layers from a vector file

Create SpatVector objects

wrap and unwrap

SpatRaster PCA with prcomp

Red-Green-Blue plot of a multi-layered SpatRaster

simplifyGeom geometries

Spatial model predictions

Data sources of a SpatRaster

Subset a SpatRaster or a SpatVector

replace cell values

Rasterize vector data

Create a SpatRaster

Rasterize geometric properties of vector data

Subset a SpatRaster or a SpatVector

row/col sums and means for SpatRaster

Apply a terra function that takes only a single layer and returns a SpatRaster to all layers of a SpatRaster

Rotate data along longitude

Rasterize points with a moving window

units of SpatRaster or SpatRasterDataSet

Compute surface area from elevation data

Rolling (moving) functions

Scatterplot of two SpatRaster layers

Read all cell values into memory

Create a SpatRasterCollection

Change values in a file

Scale (gain) and offset

Catchment delineation

Select the values of a range of layers, as specified by cell values in another SpatRaster

Weighted mean of layers

saveRDS and serialize for SpatVector and SpatRaster*

Vector topology methods

Apply a function to subsets of layers of a SpatRaster

Virtual Raster Dataset

Union SpatVector or SpatExtent objects

Description of the methods in the terra package

Add labels to a map

SpatVector geometric properties

filenames of VRT tiles

Cell values and geometry attributes

variable and long variable names

Write raster data to a NetCDF file

Write raster data to a file

time of SpatRaster layers

Temporary files

Compute a viewshed

Voronoi diagram and Delaunay triangles

Get or set single values of an extent

Coordinates from a row, column or cell number and vice versa

Write SpatVector data to a file

Apply a function to the cells of a two SpatRasters

Zonal statistics

Zoom in on a map

Adjacent cells or polygons

Number of immediate adjacent cells flowing into each cell

SpatVector-class

Class "SpatVector"

SpatExtent-class

Class "SpatExtent"

Set the NA flag

SpatRaster-class

SpatRaster class

Active category

Layers representing colors

Add (in place) a SpatRaster to another SpatRaster or to a SpatRasterDataset or SpatRasterCollection