Tree counts in 1-hectare plots in the Barro Colorado Island and associated site information.
data(BCI)
data(BCI.env)
A data frame with 50 plots (rows) of 1 hectare with counts of trees on
each plot with total of 225 species (columns). Full Latin names are
used for tree species. The names were updated against
http://www.theplantlist.org and Kress et al. (2009) which allows
matching 207 of species against tools:::Rd_expr_doi("10.5061/dryad.63q27") (Zanne et
al., 2014). The original species names are available as attribute
original.names
of BCI
. See Examples for changed names.
For BCI.env
, a data frame with 50 plots (rows) and nine site
variables derived from Pyke et al. (2001) and Harms et al. (2001):
UTM.EW
: UTM coordinates (zone 17N) East-West.
UTM.NS
: UTM coordinates (zone 17N) North-South.
Precipitation
: Precipitation in mm per year.
Elevation
: Elevation in m above sea level.
Age.cat
: Forest age category.
Geology
: The Underlying geological formation.
Habitat
: Dominant habitat type based on the map of
habitat types in 25 grid cells in each plot (Harms et al. 2001,
excluding streamside habitat). The habitat types are Young
forests (ca. 100 years), old forests on > 7 degree slopes
(OldSlope
), old forests under 152 m elevation
(OldLow
) and at higher elevation (OldHigh
) and
Swamp
forests.
River
: "Yes"
if there is streamside habitat
in the plot.
EnvHet
: Environmental Heterogeneity assessed as the
Simpson diversity of frequencies of Habitat
types in 25
grid cells in the plot.
Data give the numbers of trees at least 10 cm in diameter at breast
height (DBH) in each one hectare quadrat in the 1982 BCI
plot. Within each plot, all individuals were tallied and are
recorded in this table. The full survey included smaller trees with
DBH 1 cm or larger, but the BCI
dataset is a subset of larger
trees as compiled by Condit et al. (2002). The full data with
thinner trees has densities above 4000 stems per hectare, or about
ten times more stems than these data. The dataset BCI
was
provided (in 2003) to illustrate analysis methods in
vegan. For scientific research on ecological issues we
strongly recommend to access complete and more modern data (Condit
et al. 2019) with updated taxonomy (Condit et al. 2020).
The data frame contains only the Barro Colorado Island subset of the full data table of Condit et al. (2002).
The quadrats are located in a regular grid. See BCI.env
for the
coordinates.
A full description of the site information in BCI.env
is
given in Pyke et al. (2001) and Harms et al. (2001). N.B.
Pyke et al. (2001) and Harms et al. (2001) give conflicting
information about forest age categories and elevation.
Condit, R, Pitman, N, Leigh, E.G., Chave, J., Terborgh, J., Foster, R.B., Nuñez, P., Aguilar, S., Valencia, R., Villa, G., Muller-Landau, H.C., Losos, E. & Hubbell, S.P. (2002). Beta-diversity in tropical forest trees. Science 295, 666--669.
Condit R., Pérez, R., Aguilar, S., Lao, S., Foster, R. & Hubbell, S. (2019). Complete data from the Barro Colorado 50-ha plot: 423617 trees, 35 years [Dataset]. Dryad. tools:::Rd_expr_doi("https://doi.org/10.15146/5xcp-0d46")
Condit, R., Aguilar, S., Lao, S., Foster, R., Hubbell, S. (2020). BCI 50-ha Plot Taxonomy [Dataset]. Dryad. tools:::Rd_expr_doi("https://doi.org/10.15146/R3FH61")
Harms K.E., Condit R., Hubbell S.P. & Foster R.B. (2001) Habitat associations of trees and shrubs in a 50-ha neotropical forest plot. J. Ecol. 89, 947--959.
Kress W.J., Erickson D.L, Jones F.A., Swenson N.G, Perez R., Sanjur O. & Bermingham E. (2009) Plant DNA barcodes and a community phylogeny of a tropical forest dynamics plot in Panama. PNAS 106, 18621--18626.
Pyke, C. R., Condit, R., Aguilar, S., & Lao, S. (2001). Floristic composition across a climatic gradient in a neotropical lowland forest. Journal of Vegetation Science 12, 553--566. tools:::Rd_expr_doi("10.2307/3237007")
Zanne A.E., Tank D.C., Cornwell, W.K., Eastman J.M., Smith, S.A., FitzJohn, R.G., McGlinn, D.J., O’Meara, B.C., Moles, A.T., Reich, P.B., Royer, D.L., Soltis, D.E., Stevens, P.F., Westoby, M., Wright, I.J., Aarssen, L., Bertin, R.I., Calaminus, A., Govaerts, R., Hemmings, F., Leishman, M.R., Oleksyn, J., Soltis, P.S., Swenson, N.G., Warman, L. & Beaulieu, J.M. (2014) Three keys to the radiation of angiosperms into freezing environments. Nature 506, 89--92. tools:::Rd_expr_doi("10.1038/nature12872") (published online Dec 22, 2013).
Extra-CRAN package natto
(https://github.com/jarioksa/natto) has data set
BCI.env2
with original grid data of Harms et al. (2001)
habitat classification, and data set BCI.taxon
of APG III
classification of tree species.
data(BCI, BCI.env)
head(BCI.env)
## see changed species names
oldnames <- attr(BCI, "original.names")
taxa <- cbind("Old Names" = oldnames, "Current Names" = names(BCI))
noquote(taxa[taxa[,1] != taxa[,2], ])
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