TTR (version 0.13-1)

ATR: True Range / Average True Range

Description

True range (TR) is a measure of volatility of a High-Low-Close series; average true range (ATR) is a Welles Wilder's style moving average of the TR. Developed by J. Welles Wilder in 1978.

Usage

ATR(HLC, ma = list("EMA", n=14, wilder=TRUE))

Arguments

HLC

Object able to be coerced to a matrix, which contains High-Low-Close prices.

ma

A list whose first component is a string containing the moving average function name; additional parameters may also be specified as named components.

Value

• A matrix containing the columns:
• tr
  The true range of the series.
• atr
  The average (as specified by ma) true range of the series.
• true.high
  The true high of the series.
• true.low
  The true low of the series.

concept

volatility

Details

TR incorporates yesterday's close in the calculation (high minus low). E.g. if yesterday's close was higher than today's high, then the TR would equal yesterday's close minus today's low. The ATR is a component of the Welles Wilder Directional Movement Index (DX, ADX).

References

The following site(s) were used to code/document this indicator: http://www.fmlabs.com/reference/TR.htm http://www.fmlabs.com/reference/ATR.htm http://www.equis.com/Customer/Resources/TAAZ/?c=3&p=35 http://www.linnsoft.com/tour/techind/trueRange.htm http://stockcharts.com/education/IndicatorAnalysis/indic_ATR.html

See Also

See EMA, SMA, etc. for moving average options; and note Warning section. See DX, which uses true range. See chaikinVolatility for another volatility measure.

Examples

data(ttrc)
  atr <- ATR(ttrc[,c("High","Low","Close")], ma = list("EMA", n=14, wilder=TRUE))