VGAM (version 0.9-0)

loge: Log link function

Description

Computes the log transformation, including its inverse and the first two derivatives.

Usage

loge(theta, bvalue = NULL, inverse = FALSE, deriv = 0,
     short = TRUE, tag = FALSE)
nloge(theta, bvalue = NULL, inverse = FALSE, deriv = 0,
      short = TRUE, tag = FALSE)

Arguments

theta

Numeric or character. See below for further details.

bvalue

See Links.

inverse, deriv, short, tag

Details at Links.

Value

• The following concerns loge. For deriv = 0, the log of theta, i.e., log(theta) when inverse = FALSE, and if inverse = TRUE then exp(theta). For deriv = 1, then the function returns d theta / d eta as a function of theta if inverse = FALSE, else if inverse = TRUE then it returns the reciprocal.

  Here, all logarithms are natural logarithms, i.e., to base $e$.

Details

The log link function is very commonly used for parameters that are positive. Numerical values of theta close to 0 or out of range result in Inf, -Inf, NA or NaN.

The function loge computes $\log(\theta)$ whereas nloge computes $-\log(\theta)=\log(1/\theta)$.

References

McCullagh, P. and Nelder, J. A. (1989) Generalized Linear Models, 2nd ed. London: Chapman & Hall.

See Also

Links, explink, logit, logc, loglog, log, logoff, lambertW.

Examples

loge(seq(-0.2, 0.5, by = 0.1))
 loge(seq(-0.2, 0.5, by = 0.1), bvalue = .Machine$double.xmin)
nloge(seq(-0.2, 0.5, by = 0.1))
nloge(seq(-0.2, 0.5, by = 0.1), bvalue = .Machine$double.xmin)