Hessian matrix at the MLE. In this setting, it's hard to compute expectations to calculate the information matrix,
so we return the consistent estimate using sample moments:
\(\hat{A}(\hat{\theta}) = \sum_i \frac{\partial^2}{\partial \theta \partial \theta^T} l(\theta, W_i)\) evaluated at \(\theta = \hat{\theta}\).
Arguments
mod
an object of class bbdml
numerical
Boolean. Defaults to FALSE. Indicator of whether to use the numeric Hessian (not recommended).